![Germany study-abroad news hero: Brandenburg Gate with national flag or map symbolism — The 2025–2026 Iranian protests[c] are a series of nationwide demonstrations against the government of Iran that began on 28 December 2025 am](/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent1.nexstudy.in%2Fnews-heroes%2F2026-07-23%2Fc2b782559502c7c27e91c32c-673d0c.jpg&w=3840&q=75)
The 2025–2026 Iranian protests[c] are a series of nationwide demonstrations against the government of Iran that began on 28 December 2025 amid a deepening economic crisis. The unrest followed a sharp depreciation of the Iranian rial, rising inflation, and widespread shortages linked to international sanctions and government mismanagement. This event has been the largest uprising in Iran since the 1979 Islamic Revolution,[d] spreading to more than 200 cities across the country.[62] The ensuing crackdown, reportedly carried out under orders by Ali Khamenei and senior officials to use live fire on protesters, resulted in massacres that left thousands of protesters dead, making them the largest massacres in modern Iranian history.[63][64]
Initially sparked by frustration over record-high inflation, food prices, and currency depreciation, the protests quickly evolved into a broader movement demanding an end to the Islamic government.[65] Beginning with the bazaari (shopkeepers and merchants) in Tehran's Grand Bazaar and later university students, the demonstrations soon spread to other major cities and small settlements. Protesters chanted anti-government slogans.[66][67][68]
Although largely leaderless, the protests escalated on 8 January following a call for unified protests by Reza Pahlavi, the son of Iran's last shah.[69] On 8 January, 1.5 million protesters took to the streets of Tehran and, by 9 January 5 million people were protesting nationwide according to an unnamed European diplomat citing intelligence.[44] Pahlavi has called for a peaceful transition and a referendum to determine Iran's future political system.[6] The Iranian government has cut off Internet access and telephone services in an attempt to prevent protesters from organising.[69] It has accused the United States and Israel of fuelling the protests.[70]
By 9 January, millions had taken to the streets in protests across all 31 provinces. Amid the internet blackout, Iranian security forces escalated their use of live ammunition against demonstrators.[71] Hospitals in Tehran and Shiraz were reported to be overwhelmed by injured protesters, many suffering gunshot wounds.[72] Iran's foreign ministry spokesperson confirmed that security forces had fired on protesters, raising international concern over human rights.[73] Thousands were also arrested during the violent crackdown.[74] Despite the blackout, on 10 January 2026, The Guardian documented multiple reports of security forces opening
Sources:
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2025%E2%80%932026_Iranian_protests
- Official site not on record
